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    <IdentifierDoi>10.3205/zma001509</IdentifierDoi>
    <IdentifierUrn>urn:nbn:de:0183-zma0015095</IdentifierUrn>
    <ArticleType language="en">letter to the editor</ArticleType>
    <ArticleType language="de">Leserbrief</ArticleType>
    <TitleGroup>
      <Title language="en">Re: Evaluation of a telemedicine-based training for final-year medical students including simulated patient consultations, documentation, and case presentation</Title>
      <TitleTranslated language="de">Re: Evaluation eines Telemedizin-basierten Trainings f&#252;r Medizinstudierende im Praktischen Jahr mit Simulationspatient&#42;innen-Konsultationen, -Dokumentation und -Fallpr&#228;sentation</TitleTranslated>
    </TitleGroup>
    <CreatorList>
      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Harendza</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Harendza</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Sigrid</Firstname>
          <Initials>S</Initials>
          <AcademicTitle>Prof. Dr.</AcademicTitle>
          <AcademicTitleSuffix>MME (Bern)</AcademicTitleSuffix>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address language="en">Universit&#228;tsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, III. Medizinische Klinik, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany, Phone: &#43;49 (0)40&#47;7410-54167, Fax: &#43;49 (0)40&#47;7410-40218<Affiliation>Universit&#228;tsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, III. Medizinische Klinik, Hamburg, Germany</Affiliation></Address>
        <Address language="de">Universit&#228;tsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, III. Medizinische Klinik, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Deutschland, Tel.: &#43;49 (0)40&#47;7410-54167, Fax: &#43;49 (0)40&#47;7410-40218<Affiliation>Universit&#228;tsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, III. Medizinische Klinik, Hamburg, Deutschland</Affiliation></Address>
        <Email>harendza&#64;uke.de</Email>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="yes" presenting="no">author</Creatorrole>
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    <PublisherList>
      <Publisher>
        <Corporation>
          <Corporatename>German Medical Science GMS Publishing House</Corporatename>
        </Corporation>
        <Address>D&#252;sseldorf</Address>
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    <SubjectGroup>
      <SubjectheadingDDB>610</SubjectheadingDDB>
      <Keyword language="en">medical education</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="en">COVID-19</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="en">coronavirus</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="en">pandemic</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="en">online teaching</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="de">Medizinische Ausbildung</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="de">COVID-19</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="de">Coronavirus</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="de">Pandemie</Keyword>
      <Keyword language="de">Online Lehre</Keyword>
      <SectionHeading language="en">authors&#8217; reply</SectionHeading>
      <SectionHeading language="de">Antwort der Autor&#42;innen</SectionHeading>
    </SubjectGroup>
    <DateReceived>20210824</DateReceived>
    <DateRevised>20210824</DateRevised>
    <DateAccepted>20210915</DateAccepted>
    <DatePublishedList>
      
    <DatePublished>20211115</DatePublished></DatePublishedList>
    <Language>engl</Language>
    <LanguageTranslation>germ</LanguageTranslation>
    <License license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
      <AltText language="en">This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</AltText>
      <AltText language="de">Dieser Artikel ist ein Open-Access-Artikel und steht unter den Lizenzbedingungen der Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (Namensnennung).</AltText>
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    <SourceGroup>
      <Journal>
        <ISSN>2366-5017</ISSN>
        <Volume>38</Volume>
        <Issue>7</Issue>
        <JournalTitle>GMS Journal for Medical Education</JournalTitle>
        <JournalTitleAbbr>GMS J Med Educ</JournalTitleAbbr>
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    <ArticleNo>113</ArticleNo>
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    <TextBlock language="en" linked="yes" name="Authors&#8217; reply">
      <MainHeadline>Authors&#8217; reply</MainHeadline><Pgraph>Dear Mister Majeed,</Pgraph><Pgraph>thank you for your interest in our project and your appreciation that we provide our training of medical competences to final-year medical students in a telemedicine format since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic <TextLink reference="1"></TextLink>. We were very happy that the students&#8217; learning experiences were equally good compared to a similar training in a presence format <TextLink reference="2"></TextLink>. As you rightly point out, it is very important for evaluations that Likert scales are unambiguously worded to provide solid results. Sometimes, ambiguity can occur, for example, when Likert scales are translated <TextLink reference="3"></TextLink>. In the translation of our Likert scale from German to English, &#8220;fully applies&#8221; means, I &#8220;strongly agree&#8221; to the evaluation item. However, we agree that the phrase &#8220;agree&#8221; is less ambiguous than &#8220;apply&#8221; and we actually used agreement for the Likert scales of our other instruments, e.g. the ComCare scale for measuring medical communication and interpersonal skills <TextLink reference="4"></TextLink>. It measures &#8220;language&#8221;, &#8220;listening&#8221;, &#8220;interest&#8221;, &#8220;needs&#8221;, &#8220;compassion&#8221;, &#8220;next steps&#8221;, and &#8220;atmosphere&#8221; <TextLink reference="5"></TextLink>. Whether, and if so, what differences occurred between the presence and telemedicine formats is currently a goal of our further research. Therefore, we cannot assess yet whether a possible difference in the nonverbal communication of the participating students or an awkwardness in repeating sensitive information occurred.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Studying a pre-recorded &#8220;real&#8221; consultation as reference is certainly as powerful a learning tool as the so called &#8220;sitting in&#8221; as an observer in a presence situation <TextLink reference="6"></TextLink>, and as recording and playback of a clinical situation, like you describe from the &#8220;Clinical Communication Course&#8221; at the School of Clinical Medicine in Cambridge. Since we discovered that simulated patients&#8217; ComCare scale ratings differed from the internal and external patient perspective <TextLink reference="7"></TextLink> we are planning further learning opportunities for the training participants where they can watch their own consultation videos and receive personal feedback from the simulated patients and attendings. Thank you again for the suggestions on medical teaching. We hope to develop further appropriate formats for remote learning with our training.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Yours sincerely,</Pgraph><Pgraph>Sigrid Harendza (on behalf of all authors)</Pgraph></TextBlock>
    <TextBlock language="de" linked="yes" name="Antwort der Autorinnen">
      <MainHeadline>Antwort der Autorinnen</MainHeadline><Pgraph>Sehr geehrter Herr Majeed,</Pgraph><Pgraph>vielen Dank f&#252;r Ihr Interesse an unserem Projekt und Ihre Wertsch&#228;tzung daf&#252;r, dass wir seit Beginn der COVID-19-Pandemie unser Training medizinischer Kompetenzen f&#252;r Medizinstudierende im letzten Studienjahr als telemedizinisches Format anbieten <TextLink reference="1"></TextLink>. Wir waren sehr froh, dass die Lernerfahrungen der Studierenden im Vergleich zu einer &#228;hnlichen Schulung im Pr&#228;senzformat gleich gut waren <TextLink reference="2"></TextLink>. Wie Sie richtiger Weise betonen, ist es f&#252;r Bewertungen sehr wichtig, dass Likert-Skalen eindeutig formuliert sind, um solide Ergebnisse zu liefern. Manchmal kann Uneindeutigkeit beispielsweise auftreten, wenn Likert-Skalen &#252;bersetzt werden <TextLink reference="3"></TextLink>. In der &#220;bersetzung unserer Likert-Skala vom Deutschen ins Englische bedeutet &#8222;trifft vollkommen zu&#8220;, dass &#8222;ich&#8220; dem Bewertungsitem &#8222;stark zustimme&#8220;. Wir teilen jedoch die Meinung, dass die Formulierung &#8222;stimme zu&#8220; weniger mehrdeutig ist als &#8222;trifft zu&#8220;, und wir haben tats&#228;chlich Zustimmung f&#252;r die Likert-Skalen unserer anderen Instrumente verwendet, z. B. f&#252;r die ComCare-Skala zur Messung medizinischer Kommunikation und zwischenmenschlicher F&#228;higkeiten <TextLink reference="4"></TextLink>. Diese misst &#8222;Sprache&#8220;, &#8222;Zuh&#246;ren&#8220;, &#8222;Interesse&#8220;, &#8222;Bed&#252;rfnisse&#8220;, &#8222;Mitgef&#252;hl&#8220;, &#8222;N&#228;chste Schritte&#8220; und &#8222;Atmosph&#228;re&#8220; <TextLink reference="5"></TextLink>. Ob, und wenn ja, welche Unterschiede zwischen dem Pr&#228;senz- und dem Telemedizinformat auftraten, ist derzeit ein Ziel unserer weiteren Forschungsarbeiten. Daher k&#246;nnen wir noch nicht beurteilen, ob ein m&#246;glicher Unterschied in der nonverbalen Kommunikation der teilnehmenden Studierenden oder eine Unbeholfenheit bei der Wiederholung von sensiblen Informationen auftrat.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Das Studium einer aufgezeichneten &#8222;echten&#8220; Konsultation als Referenz ist sicherlich ein ebenso wirksames Lernmittel wie das so genannte &#8222;Dabeisitzen&#8220; als Beobachter&#42;in in einer Pr&#228;senzsituation <TextLink reference="6"></TextLink>, wie auch das Aufnehmen und Abspielen einer klinischen Situation, wie Sie es aus dem &#8222;Clinical Communication Course&#8220; an der School of Clinical Medicine in Cambridge beschreiben. Da wir festgestellt haben, dass sich die Bewertungen der ComCare-Skala durch die simulierten Patient&#42;innen von der internen und externen Patient&#42;innenperspektive unterscheiden <TextLink reference="7"></TextLink>, planen wir weitere Lernm&#246;glichkeiten f&#252;r die Trainingsteilnehmenden, bei denen sie ihre eigenen Konsultationsvideos ansehen und pers&#246;nliches Feedback von den simulierten Patient&#42;innen und Ober&#228;rzt&#42;innen erhalten k&#246;nnen. Nochmals vielen Dank f&#252;r die Anregungen zum medizinischen Unterricht. Wir hoffen, dass wir mit unserem Training noch weitere geeignete Formate f&#252;r das Fernlernen entwickeln k&#246;nnen.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Mit freundlichen Gr&#252;&#223;en</Pgraph><Pgraph>Sigrid Harendza (im Namen aller Autorinnen)</Pgraph></TextBlock>
    <TextBlock language="en" linked="yes" name="Competing interests">
      <MainHeadline>Competing interests</MainHeadline><Pgraph>The author declares that she has no competing interests.</Pgraph></TextBlock>
    <TextBlock language="de" linked="yes" name="Interessenkonflikt">
      <MainHeadline>Interessenkonflikt</MainHeadline><Pgraph>Die Autorin erkl&#228;rt, dass sie keine Interessenkonflikte im Zusammenhang mit diesem Artikel hat. </Pgraph></TextBlock>
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