<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE GmsArticle SYSTEM "http://www.egms.de/dtd/2.0.34/GmsArticle.dtd">
<GmsArticle xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <MetaData>
    <Identifier>zma001329</Identifier>
    <IdentifierDoi>10.3205/zma001329</IdentifierDoi>
    <IdentifierUrn>urn:nbn:de:0183-zma0013297</IdentifierUrn>
    <ArticleType language="en">editorial</ArticleType>
    <ArticleType language="de">Leitartikel</ArticleType>
    <TitleGroup>
      <Title language="en">After the game is before the game&#33;</Title>
      <TitleTranslated language="de">Nach dem Spiel ist vor dem Spiel&#33;</TitleTranslated>
    </TitleGroup>
    <CreatorList>
      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Nikendei</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Nikendei</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Christoph</Firstname>
          <Initials>C</Initials>
          <AcademicTitle>Prof. (apl.) Dr. med.</AcademicTitle>
          <AcademicTitleSuffix>MME</AcademicTitleSuffix>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address language="en">Universit&#228;tsklinik f&#252;r Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Sektion Psychotraumatologie, Standort Bergheim, Thibautstr. 4, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany, phone: &#43;49 (0)6221&#47;56-38663, Fax: &#43;49 (0)6221&#47;56-5330<Affiliation>Universit&#228;tsklinik f&#252;r Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Sektion Psychotraumatologie, Heidelberg, Germany</Affiliation><Affiliation>Patrick-Henry-Village Heidelberg, Gefl&#252;chtetenambulanz des Zentrums f&#252;r Psychosoziale Medizin der Universit&#228;tsklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany</Affiliation></Address>
        <Address language="de">Universit&#228;tsklinik f&#252;r Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Sektion Psychotraumatologie, Standort Bergheim, Thibautstr. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Deutschland, Tel.: &#43;49 (0)6221&#47;56-38663, Fax: &#43;49 (0)6221&#47;56-5330<Affiliation>Universit&#228;tsklinik f&#252;r Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Sektion Psychotraumatologie, Heidelberg, Deutschland</Affiliation><Affiliation>Patrick-Henry-Village Heidelberg, Gefl&#252;chtetenambulanz des Zentrums f&#252;r Psychosoziale Medizin der Universit&#228;tsklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland</Affiliation></Address>
        <Email>christoph.nikendei&#64;med.uni-heidelberg.de</Email>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="yes" presenting="no">author</Creatorrole>
      </Creator>
    </CreatorList>
    <PublisherList>
      <Publisher>
        <Corporation>
          <Corporatename>German Medical Science GMS Publishing House</Corporatename>
        </Corporation>
        <Address>D&#252;sseldorf</Address>
      </Publisher>
    </PublisherList>
    <SubjectGroup>
      <SubjectheadingDDB>610</SubjectheadingDDB>
      <SectionHeading language="en">Current Situation</SectionHeading>
      <SectionHeading language="de">Aktuelle Situation</SectionHeading>
    </SubjectGroup>
    <DateReceived>20200325</DateReceived>
    <DateRevised>20200325</DateRevised>
    <DateAccepted>20200325</DateAccepted>
    <DatePublishedList>
      
    <DatePublished>20200415</DatePublished></DatePublishedList>
    <Language>engl</Language>
    <LanguageTranslation>germ</LanguageTranslation>
    <License license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
      <AltText language="en">This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</AltText>
      <AltText language="de">Dieser Artikel ist ein Open-Access-Artikel und steht unter den Lizenzbedingungen der Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (Namensnennung).</AltText>
    </License>
    <SourceGroup>
      <Journal>
        <ISSN>2366-5017</ISSN>
        <Volume>37</Volume>
        <Issue>3</Issue>
        <JournalTitle>GMS Journal for Medical Education</JournalTitle>
        <JournalTitleAbbr>GMS J Med Educ</JournalTitleAbbr>
      </Journal>
    </SourceGroup>
    <ArticleNo>36</ArticleNo>
  </MetaData>
  <OrigData>
    <TextBlock language="en" linked="yes" name="Editorial">
      <MainHeadline>Editorial</MainHeadline><Pgraph>Dear Readers, </Pgraph><Pgraph>&#8220;The ball is round, and a game lasts 90 minutes.&#8221; (Sepp Herberger). And we know what to do. We have no choice. We throw everything forward. Every woman, every man. Even if we are acting defensively and time is running out. We go all in &#8211; we almost completely blow our cover. We know what to do: nearly anything &#8211; really anything. &#8220;The round thing has to go into the square thing.&#8221; (Sepp Herberger). It&#39;s that simple. With this clarity, concentration and stormy composure, thousands of scientists, health and nursing professionals, doctors and members of many other healthcare professions are currently working &#8211; no fighting the battle against a much smaller opponent &#8211; a tiny one: the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV <TextLink reference="1"></TextLink>, which cannot even be stopped by the tight netting of a mouth and nose protector, let alone a football net.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Faced with the current situation, it is simply unthinkable to write a medical text without making a reference to this pandemic. Too much suffering, too many exhausted helpers, too many overwhelming experiences. 375,498 confirmed cases and 16,362 deaths in 195 countries and territories have been recorded according to the latest WHO statistics (as of 25.03.2020; &#91;<Hyperlink href="https:&#47;&#47;experience.arcgis.com&#47;experience&#47;685d0ace521648f8a5beeeee1b9125cd">https:&#47;&#47;experience.arcgis.com&#47;experience&#47;685d0ace521648f8a5beeeee1b9125cd</Hyperlink>&#93;. In Wuhan, people are cautiously hesitant to leave their shelters again, while in other places they are waiting in fear &#8211; with reports from Spain and Italy breathing down their necks &#8211; for the first offshoots of the great wave of sick and respirator-dependent people. We are all preparing ourselves &#8211; bracing ourselves for the unknown. We have one of the best healthcare systems. We are well educated. </Pgraph><Pgraph>Without wanting to overtax the power of association: This issue, too, reflects part of a mosaic of many thousands of individual conceptual and scientific achievements which, taken together, will help us to overcome &#8211; and I am sure we will overcome &#8211; this current crisis. The scope of this issue ranges from interactive learning methods for improved knowledge acquisition in microscopic anatomy <TextLink reference="2"></TextLink>, the contribution of international mobility to medical professionalization <TextLink reference="3"></TextLink> and the evaluation of interprofessional attitudes <TextLink reference="4"></TextLink>, to the illumination of the long-term evaluation of the medical didactic qualification within the framework of the Master of Medical Education (MME; <TextLink reference="5"></TextLink>), the optimization of the evaluation of clinical-practical trials <TextLink reference="6"></TextLink>, the strengthening of outpatient care through the curricular implementation of learning content <TextLink reference="7"></TextLink>, programs to strengthen rural care <TextLink reference="8"></TextLink>, and train-the-trainer programs for the qualification of continuing education officers in general practice <TextLink reference="9"></TextLink>. It is precisely these didacticians, teachers, scientists and authors who are making their contribution so that we do not find ourselves powerless in the face of a crisis.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Yes, they are. As if that were not enough, I am putting you through even more today. Because at the moment, in view of the many deaths caused by the corona crisis, all the stress on the helpers and the social insecurity in society, it is hard to name and believe: the corona crisis will be far eclipsed by another crisis: the climate crisis. The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change <TextLink reference="10"></TextLink> has made this very clear: the health of society in future and the generations to come depends entirely on how we deal with climate change today. According to the latest study by the World Bank, 140 million climate refugees <TextLink reference="11"></TextLink> will be added to the 70 million refugees currently in the world by 2050 &#8211; combined with enormous despair and suffering <TextLink reference="12"></TextLink>. By the end of the current century, depending on the type of cereal, we will have seen harvests decline by up to 19&#37; <TextLink reference="13"></TextLink> and will be faced with the question of how to feed the 7.7 billion people currently living on earth. Extreme meteorological events, such as storms, floods, high water, heavy rainfall and heat waves, will cause accidents with traumatic injuries or fatalities <TextLink reference="14"></TextLink> and up to 70&#37; of the people affected will suffer trauma <TextLink reference="15"></TextLink>. 8-12&#37; of the average mortality of the total population will increase during heat waves <TextLink reference="16"></TextLink>, with an increase in the average earth temperature by a further 1.5&#176;C, 1000 additional heart attacks will occur in Germany each year <TextLink reference="17"></TextLink>. Phenomena, like &#8220;eco-anxiety&#8221; will continue to spread in a manner requiring treatment <TextLink reference="18"></TextLink>.</Pgraph><Pgraph>We are unable to see the virus. But we can all feel the rising temperature, we can all see the effects of rising sea levels, we can all hear the reports of droughts. Yet these issues are underrepresented in our medical curricula <TextLink reference="19"></TextLink>. Here too, as in the Corona crisis, we must learn to listen to and trust the scientific knowledge we have been so wise in fostering and nurturing ourselves <TextLink reference="20"></TextLink>, even if &#8220;the truth, through its incredibility, threatens to elude detection&#8221;. (Heraclitus). This is a central task of us scientists, doctors, medical didactics and lecturers. &#8220;We are staying you&#33; Stay home for us&#33;&#8221; is the current motto. We have the chance of learning from the corona crisis in a way that will help us address our biggest threat: the climate crisis &#8220;by design&#8221; instead of &#8220;by disaster&#8221; as is currently the case, i.e. reacting in a controlled and targeted manner in a similarly solidarity as we are successfully mustering today instead of letting ourselves be overrun by the disaster which is inevitably coming. So as in football: we need to attack. Immediately. With all our strength. &#8220;After the game is before the game&#33;&#8221; (Sepp Herberger). Otherwise, we are in danger of resuming the thread of a global pan-suicide <TextLink reference="21"></TextLink> after the corona crisis has been overcome.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Stay healthy, everyone, </Pgraph><Pgraph>Yours, Christoph Nikendei</Pgraph></TextBlock>
    <TextBlock language="de" linked="yes" name="Leitartikel">
      <MainHeadline>Leitartikel</MainHeadline><Pgraph>Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser,</Pgraph><Pgraph>&#8222;Der Ball ist rund, und ein Spiel dauert 90 Minuten.&#8220; (Sepp Herberger). Und wir wissen was zu tun ist. Wir haben keine Wahl. Wir werfen alles nach vorne. Jede Frau, jeden Mann. Auch wenn wir aus der Defensive agieren und die Zeit gegen uns l&#228;uft. Wir geben unsere Deckung fast ganz auf. Ja. Wir wissen was zu tun ist. Es geht um fast alles, eigentlich alles. &#8222;Das Runde muss ins Eckige.&#8220; (Sepp Herberger). So einfach. Mit dieser Klarheit und Konzentriertheit und st&#252;rmischen Gelassenheit arbeiten im Moment Tausende von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler, Gesundheits- und Krankenpflegerinnen und -pfleger, &#196;rztinnen und &#196;rzte und Angeh&#246;rige vieler anderer Berufsgruppen im Gesundheitswesen daran, einen viel kleineren Gegner, das neue Coronavirus 2019-nCoV <TextLink reference="1"></TextLink>, das nicht mal durch die Maschen eines Mund-Nasen-Schutzes, geschweige denn von einem Fu&#223;ballnetz aufzuhalten ist, im Kampf zu bezwingen.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Es ist einfach undenkbar einen medizinischen Text zu verfassen, ohne aktuell auf diese Pandemie Bezug zu nehmen. Zu viel Leid, zu viel ersch&#246;pfte Helfer, zu viel Bedrohungserleben. 375.498 best&#228;tigte Infektionsf&#228;lle, 16.362 Verstorbene in 195 L&#228;ndern und Territorien sind laut der aktuellen WHO-Statistik (Stand 25.03.2020; &#91;<Hyperlink href="https:&#47;&#47;experience.arcgis.com&#47;experience&#47;685d0ace521648f8a5beeeee1b9125cd">https:&#47;&#47;experience.arcgis.com&#47;experience&#47;685d0ace521648f8a5beeeee1b9125cd</Hyperlink>&#93;) zu verzeichnen. In Wuhan getraut man sich mit vorsichtiger Zaghaftigkeit wieder aus den Verschl&#228;gen, an anderen Orten erwartet man voller Ehrfurcht &#8211; die Berichte aus Spanien und Italien im Nacken &#8211; die ersten Ausl&#228;ufer der gro&#223;en Welle an kranken und beatmungspflichtigen Menschen. Wir bereiten uns vor. Den Blick ins Ungewisse. Wir haben eines der besten Gesundheitssysteme. Wir haben eine gute Ausbildung.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Ohne die Assoziationskraft &#252;berfordern zu wollen: Auch dieses Heft spiegelt einen Teil eines Mosaiks vieler tausender konzeptioneller und wissenschaftlicher Einzelleistungen wieder, die in der Summe dazu beitragen werden, dass wir diese heutige Krise bew&#228;ltigen k&#246;nnen &#8211; und ich bin mir sicher &#8211; bew&#228;ltigen werden. Der Bogen dieser Ausgabe spannt sich von interaktiven Lernmethoden zum verbesserten Wissenserwerb in der mikroskopischen Anatomie <TextLink reference="2"></TextLink>, &#252;ber den Beitrag von Auslandsmobilit&#228;t zur medizinischen Professionalisierung <TextLink reference="3"></TextLink> und die Evaluation interprofessioneller Haltungen <TextLink reference="4"></TextLink>, bis hin zur Beleuchtung der Langzeitevaluation der medizindidaktischen Qualifizierung im Rahmen des Master of Medical Education (MME; <TextLink reference="5"></TextLink>), die Optimierung der Bewertung klinisch-praktischer Pr&#252;fungen <TextLink reference="6"></TextLink>, die St&#228;rkung der ambulanten Versorgung durch die curricul&#228;re Implementierung von Lerninhalten <TextLink reference="7"></TextLink>, durch Programme zur St&#228;rkung der l&#228;ndlichen Versorgung <TextLink reference="8"></TextLink> und durch Train-the-trainer-Programme zur Qualifizierung von Weiterbildungsbefugten in der Allgemeinmedizin <TextLink reference="9"></TextLink>. Eben diese Didaktiker, Lehrer, Wissenschaftler und Autoren leisten ihren Beitrag, damit wir der Krise nicht ohnm&#228;chtig gegen&#252;berstehen.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Doch. Als ob es nicht genug w&#228;re, mute ich Ihnen heute noch mehr zu. Denn es ist momentan angesichts der vielen Todesopfer der Corona-Krise, all der Belastung der Helfer und der sozialen Verunsicherung in der Gesellschaft nur schwer zu benennen und zu glauben: die Corona-Krise wird von einer weiteren Krise weit in den Schatten gestellt werden: der Klimakrise. Der Lancet Countdown on health and climate change <TextLink reference="10"></TextLink> macht eindeutig klar: Die gesundheitliche Zukunft der Gesellschaft und ihrer zuk&#252;nftigen Generationen h&#228;ngt in erster Linie davon ab, wie wir heute mit den Klimaver&#228;nderungen umgehen. Zu den 70 Millionen Gefl&#252;chteten, die es aktuell auf der Welt gibt, werden bis zum Jahr 2050 laut der aktuellen Studie der Weltbank noch 140 Millionen Klimafl&#252;chtlinge hinzukommen <TextLink reference="11"></TextLink> &#8211; verbunden mit enormer Verzweiflung und Leid <TextLink reference="12"></TextLink>. Bis Ende des jetzigen Jahrhunderts werden wir je nach Getreidesorte Ernter&#252;ckg&#228;nge von bis zu 19&#37; zu verzeichnen haben <TextLink reference="13"></TextLink> und vor die Frage gestellt sein, wie wir die derzeit 7,7 Milliarden Menschen auf der Erde ern&#228;hren. Durch meteorologische Extremereignisse wie St&#252;rme, &#220;berflutungen, Hochwasser, Starkregen und Hitzewellen werden wir es mit Unf&#228;llen mit traumatischen Verletzungen oder Todesfolge zu tun haben <TextLink reference="14"></TextLink> und bis zu 70&#37; der betroffenen Menschen werden dabei eine Traumafolgest&#246;rung erleiden <TextLink reference="15"></TextLink>. Die durchschnittliche Mortalit&#228;t der Gesamtbev&#246;lkerung erh&#246;ht sich bei Hitzewellen um 8-12&#37; <TextLink reference="16"></TextLink>, bei einer Erh&#246;hung der mittleren Erdtemperatur um weitere 1,5&#176;C treten pro Jahr weitere 1000 Herzinfarktereignisse in Deutschland auf <TextLink reference="17"></TextLink>. Ph&#228;nomene wie die sogenannte &#8222;eco-anxiety&#8220; werden in behandlungsbed&#252;rftiger Weise immer mehr um sich greifen <TextLink reference="18"></TextLink>.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Das Virus sehen wir nicht. Die steigende Temperatur k&#246;nnen wir jedoch alle f&#252;hlen, die Auswirkungen des steigenden Meeresspiegels k&#246;nnen wir alle sehen, die Berichte von den D&#252;rren k&#246;nnen wir alle h&#246;ren. Dennoch sind diese Themen in unseren medizinischen Curricula unterrepr&#228;sentiert <TextLink reference="19"></TextLink>. Auch hier sollten wir &#8211; wie in der Corona-Krise &#8211; lernen auf die von uns selbst generierten wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse zu h&#246;ren und zu vertrauen <TextLink reference="20"></TextLink>, auch wenn sich &#8222;die Wahrheit durch ihre Unglaubhaftigkeit dem Erkanntwerden &#91;zu&#93; entziehen &#91;droht&#93;.&#8220; (Heraklit). Dies ist eine zentrale Aufgabe von uns Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern, &#196;rztinnen und &#196;rzten, Medizindidaktikerinnen und Medizindidaktiker, von uns Dozentinnen und Dozenten. &#8222;Wir bleiben f&#252;r Euch hier&#33; Bleibt ihr f&#252;r uns zu Hause&#33;&#8220; hei&#223;t es aktuell. Wir haben die Chance aus der Corona-Krise zu lernen und der Klimakrise &#8222;by design&#8220; statt wie aktuell &#8222;by desaster&#8220; zu begegnen, also kontrolliert und gezielt in &#228;hnlich solidarischer Weise auf sie zu reagieren, statt uns von einem Desaster &#252;berrollen zu lassen. Also: Wir sollten st&#252;rmen. Sofort. Mit ganzer Kraft. &#8222;Nach dem Spiel ist vor dem Spiel&#33;&#8220; (Sepp Herberger). Ansonsten drohen wir nach der Bew&#228;ltigung der Corona-Krise den Faden eines weltumspannenden Pan-Suizids <TextLink reference="21"></TextLink> wieder aufzunehmen.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Bleiben Sie alle gesund,</Pgraph><Pgraph>Ihr Christoph Nikendei</Pgraph></TextBlock>
    <TextBlock language="en" linked="yes" name="Competing interests">
      <MainHeadline>Competing interests</MainHeadline><Pgraph>The author declares that he has no competing interests.</Pgraph></TextBlock>
    <TextBlock language="de" linked="yes" name="Interessenkonflikt">
      <MainHeadline>Interessenkonflikt</MainHeadline><Pgraph>Der Autor erkl&#228;rt, dass er keine Interessenkonflikte im Zusammenhang mit diesem Artikel hat.</Pgraph></TextBlock>
    <References linked="yes">
      <Reference refNo="1">
        <RefAuthor>Zylka-Menhorn V</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Grunert D</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Der Steckbrief des Virus ist im Fluss</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Dtsch Arztebl</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>A-250&#47;B-219&#47;C-215</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Zylka-Menhorn V, Grunert D. Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Der Steckbrief des Virus ist im Fluss. Dtsch Arztebl. 2020;117(6):A-250&#47;B-219&#47;C-215.</RefTotal>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="2">
        <RefAuthor>Drees C</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Ghebremedhin E</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Hansen M</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Development of an interactive e-learning software &#34;Histologie f&#252;r Mediziner&#34; for medical histology courses and ist overall impact on learning outcomes and motivation</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>GMS J Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>Doc35</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Drees C, Ghebremedhin E, Hansen M. Development of an interactive e-learning software &#34;Histologie f&#252;r Mediziner&#34; for medical histology courses and ist overall impact on learning outcomes and motivation. GMS J Med Educ. 2020;37(3):Doc35. DOI: 10.3205&#47;zma001328</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3205&#47;zma001328</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="3">
        <RefAuthor>Gartmeier M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Reimer M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Huber J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Epstein N</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Fischer MR</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Berberat PO</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>International mobility of students in the medical disciplines from a comparative perspective</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>GMS J Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>Doc34</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Gartmeier M, Reimer M, Huber J, Epstein N, Fischer MR, Berberat PO. International mobility of students in the medical disciplines from a comparative perspective. GMS J Med Educ. 2020;37(3):Doc34. DOI: 10.3205&#47;zma001327</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3205&#47;zma001327</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="4">
        <RefAuthor>Pedersen TH</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Cignacco E</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Meuli J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Habermann F</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Berger-Estilita J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Greif R</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>The German interprofessional attitudes scale: translation, cultural adaptation, and validation</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>GMS J Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>Doc32</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Pedersen TH, Cignacco E, Meuli J, Habermann F, Berger-Estilita J, Greif R. The German interprofessional attitudes scale: translation, cultural adaptation, and validation. GMS J Med Educ. 2020;37(3):Doc32. DOI: 10.3205&#47;zma001325</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3205&#47;zma001325</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="5">
        <RefAuthor>J&#252;nger J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Pante SK</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Ackel-Eisnach K</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Wagener S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Fischer MR</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Do it together&#33; Conception and long-term results oft he trans-institutional Master of Medical Education (MME) Program in Germany</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>GMS J Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>Doc33</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>J&#252;nger J, Pante SK, Ackel-Eisnach K, Wagener S, Fischer MR. Do it together&#33; Conception and long-term results oft he trans-institutional Master of Medical Education (MME) Program in Germany. GMS J Med Educ. 2020;37(3):Doc33. DOI: 10.3205&#47;zma001326</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3205&#47;zma001326</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="6">
        <RefAuthor>Klein Nulend R</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Harris P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Shulruf B</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Predictive validity of a tool to resolve borderline grades in OSCEs</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>GMS J Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>Doc31</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Klein Nulend R, Harris P, Shulruf B. Predictive validity of a tool to resolve borderline grades in OSCEs. GMS J Med Educ. 2020;37(3):Doc31. DOI: 10.3205&#47;zma001324</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3205&#47;zma001324</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="7">
        <RefAuthor>Becker N</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Barthen L</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Paucher L</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Gerlach FM</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Sader R</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Ravens-Taeuber G</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>The &#34;practice track&#34; - How can teaching content related to outpatient healthcare be integrated into medical studies&#63; Learning objectives, conception and implementation of a specialized voluntary prgram</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>GMS J Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>Doc30</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Becker N, Barthen L, Paucher L, Gerlach FM, Sader R, Ravens-Taeuber G. The &#34;practice track&#34; - How can teaching content related to outpatient healthcare be integrated into medical studies&#63; Learning objectives, conception and implementation of a specialized voluntary prgram. GMS J Med Educ. 2020;37(3):Doc30. DOI: 10.3205&#47;zma001323</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3205&#47;zma001323</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="8">
        <RefAuthor>Seeger L</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Becker N</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Ravens-Taeuber G</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Sennekamp M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Gerlach FM</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>&#34;Landpartie 2.0&#34; - Conceptual development and implementation of a longitudinal priority pgroam ito promote family medicine in rural areas</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>GMS J Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>Doc29</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Seeger L, Becker N, Ravens-Taeuber G, Sennekamp M, Gerlach FM. &#34;Landpartie 2.0&#34; - Conceptual development and implementation of a longitudinal priority pgroam ito promote family medicine in rural areas. GMS J Med Educ. 2020;37(3):Doc29. DOI: 10.3205&#47;zma001322</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3205&#47;zma001322</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="9">
        <RefAuthor>Sonntag U</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Koch A</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Bayer G</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Heintze C</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>D&#246;pfmer S</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Train the trainer course for general practice trainers in ambulatory care: the Berlin model</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>GMS J Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>Doc28</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Sonntag U, Koch A, Bayer G, Heintze C, D&#246;pfmer S. Train the trainer course for general practice trainers in ambulatory care: the Berlin model. GMS J Med Educ. 2020;37(3):Doc28. DOI: 10.3205&#47;zma001321</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3205&#47;zma001321</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="10">
        <RefAuthor>Watts N</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Amann M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Arnell N</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Ayeb-Karlsson S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Belesova K</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Boykoff M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Byass P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Cai W</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Campbell-Lendrum D</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Capstick S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Chambers J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Dalin C</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Daly M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Dasandi N</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Davies M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Drummond P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Dubrow R</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Ebi KL</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Eckelman M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Ekins P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Escobar LE</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Montoya LF</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Georgeson L</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Graham H</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Haggar P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Hamilton I</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Hartinger S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Hess J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kelman I</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kiesewetter G</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kjellstrom T</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kniveton D</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Lemke B</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Liu Y</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Lott M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Lowe R</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Odhiambo Sewe M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Martinez-Urtaza J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Maslin M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>McAllister L</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>McGushin A</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Mikhaylov SJ</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Milner J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Moradi-Lakeh M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Morrissey K</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Murray K</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Munzert S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Nilsson M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Neville T</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Oreszczyn T</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Owfi F</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Pearman O</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Pencheon D</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Phung D</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Pye S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Quinn R</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Rabbaniha M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Robinson E</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Rockl&#246;v J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Semenza JC</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Sherman J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Shumake-Guillemot J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Tabatabaei M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Taylor J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Trinanes J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Wilkinson P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Costello A</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Gong P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Montgomery H</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>The 2019 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2019</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Lancet</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>1836-1878</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Watts N, Amann M, Arnell N, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Belesova K, Boykoff M, Byass P, Cai W, Campbell-Lendrum D, Capstick S, Chambers J, Dalin C, Daly M, Dasandi N, Davies M, Drummond P, Dubrow R, Ebi KL, Eckelman M, Ekins P, Escobar LE, Montoya LF, Georgeson L, Graham H, Haggar P, Hamilton I, Hartinger S, Hess J, Kelman I, Kiesewetter G, Kjellstrom T, Kniveton D, Lemke B, Liu Y, Lott M, Lowe R, Odhiambo Sewe M, Martinez-Urtaza J, Maslin M, McAllister L, McGushin A, Mikhaylov SJ, Milner J, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrissey K, Murray K, Munzert S, Nilsson M, Neville T, Oreszczyn T, Owfi F, Pearman O, Pencheon D, Phung D, Pye S, Quinn R , Rabbaniha M, Robinson E, Rockl&#246;v J, Semenza JC, Sherman J, Shumake-Guillemot J, Tabatabaei M, Taylor J, Trinanes J, Wilkinson P, Costello A, Gong P, Montgomery H. The 2019 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate. Lancet. 2019;394(10211):1836-1878. DOI: 10.1016&#47;S0140-6736(19)32596-6</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.1016&#47;S0140-6736(19)32596-6</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="11">
        <RefAuthor>Rigaud KK</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Jones B</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Bergmann J</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle></RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2018</RefYear>
        <RefBookTitle>Groundswell: Preparing for Internal Climate Migration</RefBookTitle>
        <RefPage></RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Rigaud KK, Jones B, Bergmann J. Groundswell: Preparing for Internal Climate Migration. Washington, DC: World Bank, Washington; 2018. DOI: 10.1596&#47;29461</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.1596&#47;29461</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="12">
        <RefAuthor>Nikendei C</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Greinacher A</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Sack M</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Traumafolgest&#246;rungen und psychische Komorbidit&#228;t: Konzeption und Diagnostik</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2017</RefYear>
        <RefBookTitle>Psychotherapie nach Flucht und Vertreibung: eine interprofessionelle Perspektive auf die Hilfe f&#252;r Fl&#252;chtlinge</RefBookTitle>
        <RefPage>73-86</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Nikendei C, Greinacher A, Sack M. Traumafolgest&#246;rungen und psychische Komorbidit&#228;t: Konzeption und Diagnostik. In: Borcsa M, Nikendei C, editors. Psychotherapie nach Flucht und Vertreibung: eine interprofessionelle Perspektive auf die Hilfe f&#252;r Fl&#252;chtlinge. Stuttgart: Thieme Verlag; 2017. p.73-86.</RefTotal>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="13">
        <RefAuthor>Leng G</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Hall J</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Crop yield sensitivity of global major agricultural countries to droughts and the projected changes in the future</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2018</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Sci Total Environ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>811-821</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Leng G, Hall J. Crop yield sensitivity of global major agricultural countries to droughts and the projected changes in the future. Sci Total Environ. 2018;654:811-821. DOI: 10.1016&#47;j.scitotenv.2018.10.434</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.1016&#47;j.scitotenv.2018.10.434</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="14">
        <RefAuthor>Bunz M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>M&#252;cke HG</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Klimawandel - physische und psychische Folgen</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2017</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Bundesgesundheitsbl</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>632-639</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Bunz M, M&#252;cke HG. Klimawandel - physische und psychische Folgen. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 2017;60:632-639. DOI: 10.1007&#47;s00103-017-2548-3</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.1007&#47;s00103-017-2548-3</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="15">
        <RefAuthor>Lowe SR</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Bonumwezi JL</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Valdespino-Hayden Z</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Galea S</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Posttraumatic stress and depression in the aftermath of environmental disasters: a review of quantitative studies published in 2018</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2019</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Curr Environ Health Rep</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>344-360</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Lowe SR, Bonumwezi JL, Valdespino-Hayden Z, Galea S. Posttraumatic stress and depression in the aftermath of environmental disasters: a review of quantitative studies published in 2018. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2019;6(4):344-360. DOI: 10.1007&#47;s40572-019-00245-5</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.1007&#47;s40572-019-00245-5</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="16">
        <RefAuthor>An der Heiden M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Buchholz U</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Uphoff H</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Sch&#228;tzung der Zahl hitzebedingter Sterbef&#228;lle infolge der Hitzewelle 2018</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2019</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Epidem Bull</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>193-197</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>An der Heiden M, Buchholz U, Uphoff H. Sch&#228;tzung der Zahl hitzebedingter Sterbef&#228;lle infolge der Hitzewelle 2018. Epidem Bull. 2019;23:193-197.</RefTotal>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="17">
        <RefAuthor>Chen K</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Breitner S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Wolf K</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Rai M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Meisinger C</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Heier M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kuch B</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Peters A</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Schneide A</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Zuk&#252;nftige H&#228;ufigkeit temperaturbedingter Herzinfarkte in der Region Augsburg. Eine Hochrechnung auf der Grundlage der Zielwerte der Pariser UN-Klimakonferenz</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2019</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Dtsch &#196;rztebl Int</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>521-527</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Chen K, Breitner S, Wolf K, Rai M, Meisinger C, Heier M, Kuch B, Peters A, Schneide A. Zuk&#252;nftige H&#228;ufigkeit temperaturbedingter Herzinfarkte in der Region Augsburg. Eine Hochrechnung auf der Grundlage der Zielwerte der Pariser UN-Klimakonferenz. Dtsch &#196;rztebl Int. 2019;116:521-527. DOI: 10.3238&#47;arztebl.2019.0521</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.3238&#47;arztebl.2019.0521</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="18">
        <RefAuthor>Searle K</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Gow K</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Do concerns about climate change lead to distress&#63;</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2010</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Intern J Clim Change Strat Management</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>362-379</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Searle K, Gow K. Do concerns about climate change lead to distress&#63; Intern J Clim Change Strat Management. 2010;2(4):362-379. DOI: 10.1108&#47;17568691011089891</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.1108&#47;17568691011089891</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="19">
        <RefAuthor>Nikendei C</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Cranz A</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Bugaj TJ</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Two slides to make you think: 2slides4future, an initiative for teachers and lecturers advocating climate change education and teacher-learner dialogue</RefTitle>
        <RefYear></RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Med Educ</RefJournal>
        <RefPage></RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Nikendei C, Cranz A, Bugaj TJ. Two slides to make you think: 2slides4future, an initiative for teachers and lecturers advocating climate change education and teacher-learner dialogue. Med Educ. in press.</RefTotal>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="20">
        <RefAuthor>Hagedorn G</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kalmus P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Mann M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Vicca S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Van den Berge J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>van Ypersele JP</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Bourg D</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Rotmans J</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kaaronen R</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Rahmstorf S</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kromp-Kolb H</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kirchengast G</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Knutti R</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Seneviratne SI</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Thalmann P</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Cretney R</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Green A</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Anderson K</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Hedberg M</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Nilsson D</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Kuttner A</RefAuthor>
        <RefAuthor>Hayhoe K</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Concerns of young protesters are justified</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2019</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Science</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>139-140</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Hagedorn G, Kalmus P, Mann M, Vicca S, Van den Berge J, van Ypersele JP, Bourg D, Rotmans J, Kaaronen R, Rahmstorf S, Kromp-Kolb H, Kirchengast G, Knutti R, Seneviratne SI, Thalmann P, Cretney R, Green A, Anderson K, Hedberg M, Nilsson D, Kuttner A, Hayhoe K. Concerns of young protesters are justified. Science. 2019;6436(364):139-140. DOI: 10.1126&#47;science.aax3807</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.1126&#47;science.aax3807</RefLink>
      </Reference>
      <Reference refNo="21">
        <RefAuthor>Nikendei C</RefAuthor>
        <RefTitle>Klima, Psyche und Psychotherapie: kognitionspsychologische, psychodynamische und psychotraumatologische Betrachtung einer globalen Krise</RefTitle>
        <RefYear>2020</RefYear>
        <RefJournal>Psychother</RefJournal>
        <RefPage>3-13</RefPage>
        <RefTotal>Nikendei C. Klima, Psyche und Psychotherapie: kognitionspsychologische, psychodynamische und psychotraumatologische Betrachtung einer globalen Krise. Psychother. 2020;65:3-13. DOI: 10.1007&#47;s00278-019-00397-7</RefTotal>
        <RefLink>https:&#47;&#47;doi.org&#47;10.1007&#47;s00278-019-00397-7</RefLink>
      </Reference>
    </References>
    <Media>
      <Tables>
        <NoOfTables>0</NoOfTables>
      </Tables>
      <Figures>
        <NoOfPictures>0</NoOfPictures>
      </Figures>
      <InlineFigures>
        <NoOfPictures>0</NoOfPictures>
      </InlineFigures>
      <Attachments>
        <NoOfAttachments>0</NoOfAttachments>
      </Attachments>
    </Media>
  </OrigData>
</GmsArticle>