Isofluran – Ableitung eines BAT-Wertes
Beurteilungswerte in biologischem Material
Britta Brinkmann1Hans Drexler2 (Leitung der Arbeitsgruppe „Beurteilungswerte in biologischem Material“ der Ständigen Senatskommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)
Andrea Hartwig1 (Vorsitz der Ständigen Senatskommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)
MAK Commission3
1 Institut für Angewandte Biowissenschaften, Abteilung Lebensmittelchemie und Toxikologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, Geb. 50.41, 76131 Karlsruhe, Deutschland
2 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Henkestraße 9–11, 91054 Erlangen, Deutschland
3 Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Kennedyallee 40, 53175 Bonn, Deutschland
Abstract
The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area re-evaluated isoflurane [26675-46-7] and a maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) of 2 ml/m3 has been set for isoflurane. The substance is used as a volatile anaesthetic, and absorption of isoflurane at the workplace is by inhalation. Human studies are not available to derive a quantitative relationship between the internal dose and the critical toxic effects of isoflurane (neurotoxicity and liver toxicity, effects on reproductive organs). Three studies on surgical employees show a linear correlation between the concentration of isoflurane in the air and urine concentration. In correlation to the MAK value of 2 ml/m3, a biological tolerance value (BAT value) of 4 µg isoflurane/l urine was established. Sampling time is at the end of exposure or end of shift. There are no studies in neonatal or juvenile animals at non-anaesthetic concentrations to derive a no observed adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) for developmental neurotoxic effects of isoflurane. Therefore, isoflurane was assigned to Pregnancy Risk Group D. Since the BAT value was derived in correlation to the MAK value, Pregnancy Risk Group D also applies to the BAT value.
